Proper nutrition is the foundation of your pet’s health, longevity, and quality of life. In India, where commercial pet foods vary widely in quality and homemade diets are common, many pets suffer from nutritional imbalances leading to obesity, skin issues, digestive problems, or chronic diseases. Understanding life-stage needs, reading labels, and avoiding common pitfalls can make a huge difference.
Understanding Pet Nutrition Basics
Dogs and cats are different species with different nutritional requirements:
- Dogs: Omnivores — need balanced protein, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals.
- Cats: Obligate carnivores — require high animal protein, taurine, arachidonic acid, and pre-formed vitamin A.
Life-Stage Nutritional Needs
Puppies & Kittens (0–12 months)
Rapid growth requires:
- High-quality puppy/kitten formula (higher protein, fat, calories)
- Frequent small meals: 3–4 times/day
- Calcium:phosphorus balance to prevent skeletal issues
- Avoid adult food — can cause growth abnormalities
Adult Dogs & Cats (1–7 years)
Maintain ideal body condition:
- Balanced maintenance diet
- 2 meals/day for most adults
- Adjust portions for activity level and sterilization status
Senior Pets (7+ years, large breeds 5+)
Focus on:
- Joint support (glucosamine, chondroitin, omega-3)
- Lower calories to prevent weight gain
- High-quality protein to maintain muscle mass
- Digestive support (prebiotics, fibre)
- Smaller, more frequent meals if needed
Commercial vs Homemade Diets
Commercial Foods
Most convenient and balanced when choosing AAFCO/WSAVA-compliant brands:
- Look for named meat as first ingredient
- Avoid fillers (corn, wheat, soy as main ingredients)
- Check for added taurine (especially cat food)
- Choose age/life-stage specific formulas
Homemade Diets
Popular in India but require careful planning:
- Consult veterinary nutritionist
- Balance calcium:phosphorus (meat alone is deficient)
- Add taurine for cats
- Common mistakes: rice+chicken only, excess liver, no supplements
Feeding Guidelines & Schedules
General daily amounts (adjust based on weight, activity, brand):
- Puppies: 2–3 cups/day divided into 3–4 meals
- Adult small dogs: ½–1 cup/day
- Adult large dogs: 2–4 cups/day
- Cats: ½–1 cup/day (wet or dry)
Feed twice daily for adults. Puppies/kittens more often. Always provide fresh water.
Common Nutrition Mistakes in India
- Feeding only rice/roti + milk (lacks protein, taurine)
- Excess table scraps or human sweets
- Overfeeding leading to obesity
- Switching foods suddenly (causes diarrhoea)
- Ignoring life-stage changes
- Feeding milk to adult cats/dogs (most are lactose intolerant)
Special Diets & Supplements
- Weight management: Low-calorie, high-fibre formulas
- Skin/coat: Omega-3 rich foods
- Joint health: Glucosamine, chondroitin
- Sensitive stomach: Limited ingredient or hypoallergenic
Conclusion
Good nutrition prevents disease and supports a long, active life. Choose quality food, feed appropriate amounts, avoid human food pitfalls, and consult your vet for personalized advice — especially in India's diverse climate and food culture.
Important Disclaimer:
This content is provided for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for
professional veterinary advice.
Always consult your registered veterinarian before changing your pet’s diet or adding supplements.